Kukula mwachangu kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo kukusintha kwambiri ntchito ndi moyo wa anthu. Kwasintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku ndipo kwapangitsa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku kukhala wosavuta komanso womasuka, komanso kwabweretsa mavuto atsopano achitetezo, monga zoopsa zachitetezo zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo molakwika. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, 76% ya oyang'anira IT adanenanso kuti ziwopsezo ku machitidwe achitetezo chakuthupi zawonjezeka chaka chatha. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa kutayika kwapakati kwawonjezekanso kwambiri. Malinga ndi lipoti la IBM, mu 2024, kutayika kwapakati kwa mabizinesi chifukwa cha kuswa deta kulikonse (monga kusokoneza bizinesi, kutayika kwa makasitomala, kuyankha pambuyo pake, ndalama zamalamulo ndi kutsatira malamulo, ndi zina zotero) zidzakhala zokwera kufika pa US $ 4.88 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 10% kuposa chaka chatha.
Monga njira yoyamba yotetezera chitetezo cha katundu wa kampani ndi antchito, ntchito yaikulu ya njira yowongolera mwayi wolowa (kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito osankhidwa mwayi wolowa m'malo oletsedwa pomwe akuletsa anthu osaloledwa kulowa) ingawoneke ngati yosavuta, koma deta yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ndi yofunika kwambiri komanso yofunikira. Chifukwa chake, chitetezo cha njira yowongolera mwayi ndi chofunikira kwambiri. Mabizinesi ayenera kuyamba kuchokera pamalingaliro onse ndikupanga njira yonse yachitetezo, kuphatikizapo kuonetsetsa kuti akugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera mwayi wolowa kuti athe kuthana ndi vuto la chitetezo cha netiweki lomwe likukulirakulira.
Nkhaniyi ifufuza ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa machitidwe owongolera mwayi wolowera ndi chitetezo cha netiweki, ndikugawana malingaliro othandiza owonjezera chitetezo cha netiweki cha machitidwe owongolera mwayi.
Ubale pakati pa machitidwe owongolera mwayi wopezeka (PACS) ndi chitetezo cha netiweki
Ubale pakati pa njira yowongolera mwayi wofikira (PACS) ndi chitetezo cha netiweki
Kaya njira yanu yowongolera mwayi ndi yodziyimira payokha kapena yolumikizidwa ndi njira zina zachitetezo kapena ngakhale njira za IT, kulimbitsa chitetezo cha njira zowongolera mwayi ndikuchita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti bizinesi yonse ili ndi chitetezo, makamaka chitetezo cha netiweki. Steven Commander, Director of Industry Regulatory and Design Consulting, HID Access Control Solutions Business (North Asia, Europe ndi Australia), adanenanso kuti kulumikizana kulikonse mu njira yowongolera mwayi ndikofunika kukonza ndi kutumiza deta yachinsinsi. Mabizinesi samangofunika kuwunika chitetezo cha gawo lililonse lokha, komanso ayenera kusamala ndi zoopsa zomwe zingakumane nazo pakufalitsa chidziwitso pakati pa zigawo kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo cha unyolo wonse.
Chifukwa chake, tikupangira kugwiritsa ntchito njira "yoyambira" yokhazikika pa zosowa zenizeni zachitetezo cha bizinesi, kutanthauza kuti, choyamba kukhazikitsa maziko achitetezo, kenako pang'onopang'ono ndikuchikonza bwino kuti chiteteze njira yowongolera mwayi ndi chitetezo cha netiweki.
1. Ziphaso (kutumiza zambiri za owerenga makadi a ziphaso)
Zoyambira: Ziphaso (kuphatikizapo makadi olamulira anthu wamba, ziphaso za mafoni, ndi zina zotero) ndiye njira yoyamba yodzitetezera ku machitidwe olamulira anthu wamba. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti makampani asankhe ukadaulo wa ziphaso womwe uli ndi ziphaso zambiri komanso wovuta kukopera, monga makadi anzeru a 13.56MHz okhala ndi ziphaso zosinthika kuti awonjezere kulondola; deta yosungidwa pa khadi iyenera kutetezedwa ndi kutetezedwa, monga AES 128, yomwe ndi muyezo wofala kwambiri m'munda wamalonda womwe ulipo. Panthawi yotsimikizira chizindikiritso, deta yomwe imatumizidwa kuchokera ku ziphaso kupita kwa wowerenga khadi iyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizirana yobisika kuti iteteze detayo kuti isabedwe kapena kusokonezedwa panthawi yotumizira.
Zapamwamba: Chitetezo cha ziphaso chikhoza kukonzedwanso mwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendetsera zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndikusankha yankho lomwe layesedwa ndi kuvomerezedwa ndi munthu wina.
2. Wowerenga Khadi (Kutumiza Chidziwitso cha Wowerenga-Wowongolera)
Zoyambira: Chowerengera khadi ndiye mlatho pakati pa chiphaso ndi chowongolera. Ndikofunikira kusankha chowerengera khadi chokhala ndi khadi lanzeru la 13.56MHz lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito njira yosungira deta kuti likhale lolondola komanso lili ndi chinthu chotetezeka chosungira makiyi obisa. Kutumiza chidziwitso pakati pa chowerengera khadi ndi chowongolera kuyenera kuchitika kudzera mu njira yolumikizirana yobisika kuti deta isasokonezedwe kapena kuba.
Zapamwamba: Zosintha ndi zosintha za wowerenga khadi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa kudzera mu pulogalamu yovomerezeka yokonza (osati khadi yosinthira) kuti zitsimikizire kuti firmware ndi kasinthidwe ka wowerenga khadi nthawi zonse zimakhala zotetezeka.
3. Wolamulira
Zoyambira: Woyang'anira ali ndi udindo wolumikizana ndi ziphaso ndi owerenga makadi, kukonza ndikusunga deta yowunikira yolowera. Tikukulimbikitsani kuyika wowongolerayo mu malo otetezeka osasokonezedwa ndi zinthu, kulumikiza ku LAN yachinsinsi yotetezeka, ndikuletsa ma interface ena omwe angayambitse zoopsa (monga malo a USB ndi SD card, ndikusintha firmware ndi ma patches nthawi yake) ngati sikofunikira.
Zapamwamba: Ma adilesi a IP ovomerezeka okha ndi omwe angalumikizane ndi wolamulira, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kubisa deta kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza deta pamalo omwe ili komanso paulendo kuti chitetezo chiwonjezeke.
4. Seva Yowongolera Kufikira ndi Kasitomala
Zoyambira: Seva ndi kasitomala ndiye database yayikulu komanso nsanja yogwirira ntchito ya makina owongolera mwayi, omwe ali ndi udindo wolemba zochitika ndikuthandiza mabungwe kusintha ndikusintha makonda. Chitetezo cha mbali zonse ziwiri sichinganyalanyazidwe. Ndikofunikira kusunga seva ndi kasitomala mu netiweki yotetezeka ya Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) ndikusankha yankho lomwe likugwirizana ndi moyo wotetezeka wa pulogalamu yopanga mapulogalamu (SDLC).
Zapamwamba: Pachifukwa ichi, mwa kusunga deta yosasinthika ndi deta yomwe ikudutsa, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wachitetezo cha netiweki monga ma firewall ndi makina ozindikira kulowerera kuti ateteze chitetezo cha ma seva ndi makasitomala, komanso nthawi zonse amachita zosintha zamakina ndi kukonza zofooka kuti aletse akuba kugwiritsa ntchito zofooka zamakina kuti zilowe.
Mapeto
Mu nthawi yamavuto yomwe ikusintha masiku ano, kusankha mnzanu woyenera wa PACS (physical access control system) ndikofunikira monga momwe kusankha chinthu choyenera kumakhalira.
Mu nthawi ya digito ndi yanzeru masiku ano, machitidwe owongolera mwayi wolowera ndi chitetezo cha netiweki ndi ogwirizana kwambiri. Mabizinesi ayenera kuyamba kuchokera pamalingaliro onse, poganizira chitetezo chakuthupi ndi cha netiweki, ndikupanga dongosolo lachitetezo chokwanira. Mwa kusankha yankho la PACS lomwe likukwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yachitetezo, mutha kupanga mzere wolimba wachitetezo cha bizinesi yanu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-09-2025